Strategic management analysis of Starbucks Assignment

Key administration investigation of Starbucks - Assignment Example This investigation proposes to assess Starbucks from a vital perspective. In this setting of the investigation, the United States portion of the organization will be assessed. It will likewise reveal insight into the espresso business of USA. The essential basis behind the business investigation is to gauge allure of this industry. The allure of the business will be checked by utilizing PORTER’s five powers system examination. Aside from that the outside business condition will be additionally broke down utilizing PESTEL investigation. The following bit will be tied in with recognizing the qualities and shortcomings of the organization. This will be finished with the assistance of a SWOT system. What's more, the examination will likewise accentuate on the capacities, center abilities and assets. Starbucks: A Brief Overview The historical backdrop of Starbucks Corporation goes back to the mid 1970s, when the organization was established by the well known Jerry Baldwin, Gordon B owker and Zev Siegl (Starbucks, n.d.). Since the hour of its establishment, the witticism of the organization has been to offer exceptional and extraordinary experience to the clients at whatever point they visit a Starbucks store and taste espresso. Starbucks is by and by headquartered at Seattle, Washington, U.S (Dess, Lumpkin and Eisner, 2009, p.557). The organization works with around 6705 organization claimed stores, and 4,082 authorized stores all through the United Stated. Anyway from a worldwide point of view, the organization works with 20,366 stores and has nearness in 61 nations of the world. It sells hot beverages, nourishments and retail promoting things. Starbucks has stunning representative qualities of 1, 50,000. As of money related year end 2012, the net income of the organization was US$ 13.29 billion. A portion of the significant contenders of the organization are Dunkin' Brands Group, Inc., McDonalds, Nestle, Yum Brands, KFC and Wendy's International, Inc (Yahoo Finance, n.d.). Assignment A †Market Environment Analysis Micro Environment Analysis Coffee is respected as one of the most valuable rural items and in this way the espresso business is likewise seeing solid developments all around. With solid and set up players, for example, Starbucks and accessibility of mass client makes it one of the expected enterprises of the world. Presently to get further bits of knowledge of the miniaturized scale condition and to gauge the engaging quality of the espresso business of USA an inside and out industry examination will be done. To do so PORTER’S five powers structure will be utilized. Porter’s five powers is one of the broadly utilized devices to decide the serious powers of the business. The five powers of the business as depicted by Michael Porter are the danger of the new contestants inside the business, danger of the substitute items, and force of the current competition inside the business, haggling intensity of the prov iders lastly the dealing intensity of the purchasers. The investigation is demonstrated as follows:- Threat of the substitute items The substitute items are the items that are not actually equivalent to the center item, yet perform nearly the comparable capacity or give a similar advantage as given by the center item. With regards to Starbucks, the substitute items are soda pops, caffeinated drinks, espresso pills and caffeine. The utilization designs

Ligers Informative Speech -- Tiger Lion Breeding Animals Essays

Ligers Informative Speech The clasp you just observed is from the famous film 'Napoleon Dynamite.' Many of you have most likely observed it previously however I wagered you never pondered any of it as being verifiable, did you? All things considered, despite the fact that the portrayal was somewhat off, ligers truly exist. As per Encyclopedia Americana, ligers are a half and half cross between a male lion and a female tiger (otherwise called a tigress). It is almost inconceivable for them to exist in the wild in light of the fact that most lions live in Africa and most tigers live in Asia, anyway under the correct conditions they can be reproduced. By and large the tiger and the lion must be raised together to beat any regular hostility between their species, anyway ligers have likewise been coincidental. In China a couple were delivered falsely as analyses, yet frequently they happen as mishaps among hostage creatures in zoos or meandering in safari parks. Intentional hybridization is disallowed in many zoos , however. In 2001 three liger fledglings were conceived in a zoo directly here in Wisconsin. For space reasons attendants put a lion and a tiger in a similar fenced in area and one day they discovered three small offspring. Liger whelps don?t generally resemble their dad. They have striped like their tiger mother, yet are lighter in shading. As they get more seasoned their stripes will blur. Raising liger fledglings is troublesome in light of the fact that nobody ever knows whether the guardians will perceive the liger whelps as their own, and furthermore it is hard for them to get by all alone. As per Hybrid B... Ligers Informative Speech - Tiger Lion Breeding Animals Essays Ligers Informative Speech The clasp you just observed is from the famous film 'Napoleon Dynamite.' Many of you have likely observed it previously however I wagered you never considered any of it as being verifiable, did you? Indeed, despite the fact that the depiction was somewhat off, ligers truly exist. As indicated by Encyclopedia Americana, ligers are a mixture cross between a male lion and a female tiger (otherwise called a tigress). It is almost inconceivable for them to exist in the wild in light of the fact that most lions live in Africa and most tigers live in Asia, anyway under the correct conditions they can be reproduced. By and large the tiger and the lion must be raised together to beat any regular hatred between their species, anyway ligers have additionally been unplanned. In China a couple were delivered misleadingly as analyses, yet regularly they happen as mishaps among hostage creatures in zoos or meandering in safari parks. Intentional hybridization is precluded in many zoos, however. In 2001 three liger fledglings were conceived in a zoo directly here in Wisconsin. For space reasons managers put a lion and a tiger in a similar walled in area and one day they discovered three minuscule whelps. Liger fledglings don?t typically resemble their dad. They have striped like their tiger mother, however are lighter in shading. As they get more seasoned their stripes will blur. Raising liger fledglings is troublesome in light of the fact that nobody ever knows whether the guardians will perceive the liger whelps as their own, and furthermore it is hard for them to make due all alone. As indicated by Hybrid B...

How to Ease Paranoia in Borderline Personality Disorder

How to Ease Paranoia in Borderline Personality Disorder BPD Print Tips for Easing Paranoia in Borderline Personality Disorder By Kristalyn Salters-Pedneault, PhD Kristalyn Salters-Pedneault, PhD, is a clinical psychologist and associate professor of psychology at Eastern Connecticut State University. Learn about our editorial policy Kristalyn Salters-Pedneault, PhD Medically reviewed by Medically reviewed by Steven Gans, MD on May 06, 2016 Steven Gans, MD is board-certified in psychiatry and is an active supervisor, teacher, and mentor at Massachusetts General Hospital. Learn about our Medical Review Board Steven Gans, MD Updated on September 19, 2019 PeopleImages / Getty Images More in BPD Diagnosis Treatment Living With BPD Related Conditions Many people with borderline personality disorder (BPD) experience paranoia or paranoid thinking under conditions of stress. Paranoia is a term generally used to refer to intense beliefs of mistrust or the malicious intentions of others. For example, someone with paranoia may have the belief that the government is listening to their phone calls, or that their spouse is having an affair. Paranoid Ideation in Borderline Personality Disorder Episodes of paranoid thinking, or ideation, can range from mild and short-lived to very severe and chronic. Some individuals with psychotic disorders, such as schizophrenia or delusional disorder, tend to have severe, chronic paranoid ideation that has no relationship to reality. While many people with borderline personality  disorder do experience paranoia since it is part of the diagnostic criteria for BPD, it tends to occur only under conditions of stress or interpersonal conflict. For example, an adolescent with BPD might see two of his friends talking in the hallway and develop the paranoid belief that his friends all secretly hate him and are planning to humiliate him. Or an adult with BPD might misread their partner’s cues that they want some alone time as a sign that the relationship is being terminated, and dwell on this belief even when a great deal of evidence to the contrary is presented. At least one study suggests that while individuals with BPD differ from those with psychotic disorders in terms of their psychotic reactivity, which is their tendency to have paranoid ideation and other thinking and perceptual problems under stress, they do not necessarily differ from patients with psychotic disorders in terms of the intensity of the paranoia or other psychotic experience. So, while people with BPD have short-term psychotic symptoms, these symptoms are not necessarily mild. Stress-Busters to Help Tame Paranoid Ideation in BPD Because paranoia in BPD is worse when you are under stress, you may find it helpful to find ways to relax and work through your stress. Some popular stress busters are: Deep Breathing:  The advantage of deep breathing is you can do it anywhere, anytime. Sit or lie down, fill up your lungs slowly, and then exhale your breath back out slowly. Repeat.Meditation:  This practice has been around for centuries and while there are different techniques, most of them focus on quiet, calm, relaxation and focusing your attention. Different meditation methods can be found online.Yoga: Like mediation, the focus with yoga is on calm, relaxation, quiet, as well as posture and flexibility. There are many free yoga apps and instructional videos online to instruct you how to do yoga on your own, or you can sign up for a class at your local gym.Tai Chi: Another ancient practice, tai chi was meant for self-defense  but is used by many people now to relax and reduce stress. Like yoga, it involves specific poses, targeted concentration, slow movements, and focused breathing.Biofeedback: In biofeedback, you learn how to control things such as heart rate and  certain muscle s by having monitors attached to you so you can visualize and hear whats going on in your body. By learning how to change your thoughts or emotions in a way to slow these mechanisms down, you help reduce stress.

Reflection Substance And Family - 1410 Words

Reflection: Substance and Family Tracy Collins Wilmington University In physical science, the term substance simply refers to a pure form of matter that contains molecules, where a combination of different molecules forms a mixture. In the context of this paper, the term substance relates to drugs and alcohol, which, when misused, bring about undesirable consequences. Drugs can be of varied categories. Addictive drugs such as marijuana, cocaine, and heroine are usually harmful to one’s health as their consumption brings about health complications. Others such as prescription drugs are helpful to people’s health because they cure diseases, but if abused, they can equally harm an individual’s health. The present paper focuses on†¦show more content†¦From my personal observation in my community, people may abuse drug for several reasons. I examine one of the main reasons for one to abuse drugs, which is the failure to socialize with other people around them in the right way. Such people believe that the further they are from the rest of the world, the better their life becomes. For this cause, a person separates himself/herself and quits socializing with others. Eventually, solitude takes its place in such a person, leaving them overwhelmed by loneliness and a feeling of being left out. Being emotionally distant from friends and loved ones erodes the self-confidence of that person. As time goes by, he/she resorts to drug and substance abuse as a substitute of the missing socialization. This occurs when they become confounded by the belief that smoking, drinking or sniffing drugs will set their minds free from isolation and solitude. This habit creates the wrong impression that the more they purchase drugs from their addicted peers, the more they make new friends, and hence the more they are engaging in socialization. Unfortunately, they fail to recognize that this is the wrong way of socializing. In this manner, substance abuse damages both an individual’s life and the community at large with it s deleterious effects. I have to state clearly that I have never abused substances either as a child or young adult in my entire life, implying that I am not a direct victim of the effects of substance abuse.Show MoreRelatedSubstance Abuse In America Case Study780 Words   |  4 PagesSubstance abuse in America has gone to lengths such as reaching the rural Appalachian culture in West Virginia. Despite the Nationwide crisis and epidemic of 23 million individuals using, misusing and abusing substances West Virginia is currently unable to say that they are safe and that they have not been affected by this epidemic (Carpenter, Mcclellan, Rees, 2016). All types of drugs ranging from medication prescribed substances to street drugs have been reported in just about all areas ofRead MoreEating Disorders And Anorexia Nervosa951 Words   |  4 Pagescome from having been sexually abused or having family that are too controlling over what they do. â€Å"Most often diagnosed in females (up to 90%), Anorexia is characterized by failure to maintain body weight of at least 85% of what is expected, fear of losing control over your weight or of becoming fat.† The person with the disorder often visualizes themselves in a mirror and seeing an overweight person staring back at them which is their reflection. Treatment for anorexia nervosa involve restoringRead MoreCulturally Adapted Family Treatment Paper1130 Words   |  5 PagesCULTURALLY ADAPTED FAMILY TREATMENT PAPER Culturally Adapted Family Treatment Paper Launita J. Grand Canyon University October 10, 2012 Culturally Adapted Family Treatment Paper When an individual is suffering with a substance abuse disorder it affects the entire family. One’s family must come together to help his or her loved one to overcome and achieve the necessary goals in life to sustain his or her addiction. Within this paper one will locate the integrated concepts of family structure andRead MoreEating Disorders And Anorexia Nervosa974 Words   |  4 Pageshaving been sexually abused or having family that are too controlling over what they do. â€Å"Most often diagnosed in females (up to 90%), Anorexia is characterized by failure to maintain body weight of at least 85% of what is expected, fear of losing control over your weight or of becoming fat† (â€Å"Anorexia Nervosa,† 2015). The person with the disorder often visualizes themselves in a mirror and seeing an overweight person staring back at them which is their reflection. Treatment for anorexia nervosa involveRead MoreAbstract Expressionism And Dada873 Words   |  4 Page sArt is a reflection of society and the First and Second World Wars, two major international conflicts that dominated the world affairs and culture of the times, are reflected in the art of their respective time periods. Dada was the primary art movement in response to World War One, while Abstract Expressionism was in response to World War Two. Dada was an art movement launched in protest to the political, social, and cultural norms that were thought to have caused the war by its disillusioned creatorsRead MoreScience Grade 10 Exam Review1439 Words   |  6 PagesMuscular, Blood, Connective, Epithelial, Nerve Types of plant tissues in a leaf = Meristematic, Ground, Epidermal, Vascular Stomata : When the water evaporates that’s when the plant releases oxygen into the air ; Part of epidermal ; Exchanges substances ORGAN - Organ : an organized group of tissues that work together to perform a specific function Example : Heart, Liver, Stomach, ORGAN SYSTEM - Organ System : is a group of organs that work together to perform a certain task ExamplesRead MoreSubstance Abuse Is An Addiction1626 Words   |  7 PagesIntroduction Substance abuse is an addiction and it is the addition, which is referred to a chronic disease. It is this chronic disease that is a significant and growing issue, especially among family units where either one or two parents and/or parental guardians suffer from. Despite the various and complex reasons that cause the parents or parental guardians to abuse substances, it is their children who suffer thus, significantly affecting the parent/parental guardian and child bonding relationshipRead MoreAddiction Models988 Words   |  4 Pages Effective Components in Determining Substance Use Behavior Crystal Ramsey Liberty University Effective Components in Determining Substance Use Behavior Addiction is regarded as having a multitude of causations and contributing factors. No single specific component or model can accurately predict a person’s substance use behavior (Clinton amp; Scalise, 2013). Substance use disorders are a reflection of the impact of person-specific biological, psychological, and social influences. UnderstandingRead MoreLife Core A Facility For Adults With Substance Addiction901 Words   |  4 PagesThe names of the speaker was Stephanie Stout, which included Madison Nabors, and Dale Nabors, they all share employment at Life Core a facility for adults with substance addiction. Stephanie is a Peer Specialists that help clients recover from their addiction. I know a little something about how person acts after a drug overdose. The hospital that I work at drug overdose is common. I sit with a lot these patients because when they come out their comatose state, their first actions are to get outRead MoreMaternal Substance Abuse During Pregnancy Care Managers1186 Words   |  5 PagesMaternal substance abuse accounts for problematic health concerns in infants, according Forray (2016), â€Å"5.9% of pregnant women use illicit drugs, with usage age ranging from 15-44 years of age† (p.3).   Types of illicit substances used during pregnancy consist of Cocaine, Marijuana, Methamphetamine, Heroin, and an array of other illicit substances.   Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚ ¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. For my immersion experience I choose to focus on the population of women

Analysis Of The Movie The Band Played On - 1261 Words

INSERT SURNAME 1 Author Tutor Course Date Words I Never Said And the Band Played on is a movie that illustrated the AIDs crisis in the 1980s and the early 1990s. The movie did touch on subjects concerning the reaction of the gay community, the heterosexual community, and the medical community. It shows not only the AIDs research but also how the US government dealt with it (Curran, 56). The movie shows the consequences the gay community experienced, the plight of the medical community in investigating the disease and the issue of government response to it. The movie contains various forms of oppression, especially to the gay community. The US government did not support the gay community and, as a result, AIDs was associated with them which brought about oppression against sexual orientation (Curran, 56). When AIDs has discovered the gay community suffered at the hands of social alienation, the name AIDs singled out the gay community as the only ones who could acquire the disease. This movie shows the US government oppressing the gay community to an extent of closing their bath houses. They believed that in these places the AIDs virus was spreading and the gay community also suffered major emotional trauma as little was known about the disease. The medical community, on the other hand, had much trouble in the progress of researching the disease (Curran, 56). At first, the disease had no name that was partly since no one wanted to declare that there was a discovery of a newShow MoreRelatedMovie Analysis : Titanic And The Band Played On 904 Words   |  4 PagesBefore I watch the movie, I presumed the title, â€Å"And the Band Played On,† to be a reference to the movie â€Å"Titanic,† which they were speaking about the string quartet that continued to play as the ship sank. Since watching the movie I think it referenced â€Å"business as usual.† Just like in Titanic, no one was concerned about the ship sinking until it was too late. In the movie â€Å"And the Band Played On,† In the same way, AIDS was considered, just a gay disease, and wasn t seen as the epidemic with inRead MoreEssay on And The Band Played On832 Words   |  4 PagesAnd the Band Played On The movie, And the Band Played On, discusses the origin of the AIDS virus and how it spontaneously spread across the world. It used the Ebola disease to foreshadow the forth coming of another serious disease. The world was not prepared to handle such a contagious plague. Doctors around the world assumed that the first cases of the HIV virus to be just an abnormality of a certain disease, their carelessness of this matter was the start to the spread of this disease. ThroughoutRead MoreThe Movie Exhibition Industry: 2011 Essay1196 Words   |  5 PagesMGMT-780-623 - Week 3 Assignment The Movie Exhibition Industry: 2011 SWOT Analysis Strengths Internal – new digital technology with 3D optional feature, buildings (whether rented or owned) are large (most are multi and megaplex style) External – leverage in both the concession industry and the distribution industry Weaknesses Internal – rely on concessions and advertisements, concession pricing, experience largely the same as every competitor External – content, consumer income, marketingRead MorePorter s Five Forces Framework992 Words   |  4 Pages5 forces analysis Porter s Five Forces Framework is a tool for analyzing competition of a business of an industry in terms of its profitability. The most unattractive industry would be one approaching pure competition, in which available profits for all firms are driven to normal profit levels. The five-forces perspective is associated with its originator, Michael E. Porter of Harvard University. This framework was first published in Harvard Business Review in 1979. Each industry generates profitsRead MoreAnd the Band Played on1242 Words   |  5 PagesAND THE BAND PLAYED ON MICROBIOLOGY 2202-2 MRS. SUSAN MCCULLUM AIDS (acquired immune deficiency syndrome) is related to HIV, but they are not one in the same. A person has AIDS only in the final stages of HIV, after the immune system becomes unable to defend itself against foreign bacteria, other viruses, and fungi, and allows for the development of certain cancers. The world first became aware of AIDS in the early 1980s. Growing numbers of gay men in New York and California were developingRead MoreTelevision Genre And Style Of Mockumentaries Essay1736 Words   |  7 Pagessignificance and impact of the shows that emulated this mockumentary style. Lastly, the paper will look to the current cultural contexts and the social impacts of the popular, modern day televisions shows that incorporate these styles. Through the analysis of the mockumentary style in the combination of the historical lens and the definitional lens, modern day shows that utilize this subgenre will be better understood as well as their impacts on society itself. According to Oxford Dictionary, a mockumentaryRead MoreThe Culture Of The Music Industry1740 Words   |  7 Pagesthem for their own personal album or for a variety of other reasons like TV shows or advertisements. Music publishing houses also form licenses for the songs the company represents. They can collect fees through this. (McDonald) Ralph- Environmental Analysis- When analyzing an industry’s composition, external factors that have a critical impact on that industry’s success are often over-looked. The actual question at hand when considering the significance of external forces is whether or not that industryRead MoreFemale Writers : Mean Girls ( Tina Fey ) And Clueless ( Amy Heckerling ) Essay1497 Words   |  6 Pageswomen?; Do they talk to each other?; About something other than a man?† (Kusina, 2015). It is very clear that all of the movies about teenaged girl cliques are passing the Bechdel Test based on these three questions. It would improve the feminist analysis of film if there were to be a proposition to adding one more question to the Bechdel Test. When watching films that have a female dominated cast, a fourth question could be; â€Å"Are the women talking about each other?† It would be interesting to seeRead MoreAnalysis Of Claude Levi Strauss s Black As Slacker Dewey Finn 1602 Words   |  7 Pages this American pair, and the surrounding culture, make it necessary that the trickster not remain so; he has to join one side or the other. Claude Là ©vi-Strauss sought a scientific approach to the interpretation of the meaning of myths. To perform an analysis, he would first collect every version and variant of a myth possible. Each version would be broken down into its individual plot elements, and these elements were then plotted on a chart to show how they fit together. The charts would be comparedRead MoreSocial Injustice During The Film Selma, Directed By Ava Duvernay1642 Words   |  7 PagesIn the movie Selma, directed by Ava DuVernay showcases a lot of social injustice during the 1960 s. The portion of the film that I focused on in Selma was the migration scene, which is about seventy minutes into the movie. Within the migration scene from Selma to Montgomery, Alabama, several cinematic devices play a pivotal role in understanding why white supremacist attacked black peopl e during the 1960 s. The scene showcases a group of African Americans that band together from the city of Selma

Character of Iago Free Essays

Shakespeare employs a variety of language, dramatic and theatrical techniques in shaping my understanding of the rather enigmatic yet definitely Machiavellian, character of Iago. Shakespeare reveals him to be a cunning and conniving exploiter and manipulator of other characters who become caught in his web of lies, deceit and evil schemes. Iago is forever the cold, calculating pragmatist who is cynical about anything associated with goodness, such as love, virtue, reputation and honour. We will write a custom essay sample on Character of Iago or any similar topic only for you Order Now Iago constantly plays the role of ‘honest Iago’, which is shown by Shakespeare’s constant dramatically ironic use of this phrase over twenty-three times. All characters have no hesitation in trusting every word Iago says, and taking everything he tells them to be true. The duplicitous nature of Iago is shown in conjunction with the symbolism of the Roman God, â€Å"By Janus†. Janus is a two faced God, who perfectly represents the nature of Iago, the two sides, one he only displays to the public and Roderigo and one only displayed to everyone else. This nature is further emphasised by Iago through his dialogue, â€Å"I am not what I am†. Similar to this includes the dialogue, â€Å"I serve him to serve my turn upon him†. The honesty that the other characters believe Iago has, allows him to adapt the personality of cunning, conniving manipulator of people, allowing him to exploit their emotions for his personal uses. He achieves his aims under the pretence of acting to help individuals but really he is egotistical and serves only for himself. He plays on Othello’s â€Å"free and open† nature, on his mission to prove Desdemona’s infidelity and create the metaphor of the â€Å"green-eyed monster†, which both Othello and Iago will nurture. Iago’s also gives Cassio â€Å"free and honest† advice about asking Desdemona for his position back after his fall from grace, showing again the dramatic irony Shakespeare portrays. Iago also continues to assure Desdemona that Othello’s sudden change in mood has nothing to do with Desdemona herself, but instead to do with state business. This further serves him in his plan for Othello’s downfall. Poison imagery by Shakespeare refers to the poisonous effect of words that Iago has caused seen in â€Å"The Moor already change with my poison†. The Machiavellian villain of Iago is constantly portrayed through the symbolism of hell or Satan throughout the play. â€Å"Hell and night/Must bring this monstrous birth to the world’s light†. While this shows Shakespeare’s symbolism of white being equivalent to good and dark to evil, it also references the fact that only Iago can bring about this action, or so he believes, and show the world of a crueller Othello. In the intertextual temptation scene, to that of the Garden of Eden, Iago is playing the traitorous and evil snake convincing Othello to do something which he would have never though of before. For Iago women are simply a means to an end. They are only needed to fulfil men’s sexual appetites and serve the various needs of men. He believes that women are not as intellectual as men and hence their opinion should not be valued nor asked for. It is of Iago’s opinion that emotions can leave one weak and rash decisions come about from those who think with their hearts rather than their heads shown in this dialogue, â€Å"If the balance of our lives had not one scale of reason to poise another of sensuality, the blood and baseness of our natures would conduct us to most preposterous conclusions†. Any man that becomes corrupted by their feelings or the heart in a fool, hence Iago does not believe in love of another person. He does however believe in self-love, that is to say Iago is the epitome of selfishness. Iago is unable to love another male or female, as a friend or lover. He describes the act of lovemaking with continuous reference to distasteful and crude animal images such as â€Å"Goats and Monkeys† or â€Å"Black ram† and â€Å"White Ewes†. Iago also employs the use of the symbolism of sexual ‘appetites’, suggesting that just like food they are something that needs to be regular or often. As seen with Emilia’s dialogue â€Å"They eat us hungrily and when they are full/ they belch us† The racist Iago is also obvious throughout Othello. He feels resentment and hatred towards Othello because, not only is Othello a general or commander of the Venetian Navy, he has managed to win such a prize as the lovely Desdemona. This is shown through Iago’s dialogue and comparison of Othello to a â€Å"Black ram†, â€Å"Barbary horse† or having â€Å"Thick lips†. He also constantly refers to Othello as â€Å"The Moor†. While this may not have been considered racist at the time, Iago does it in such a way that he wishes to alienate Othello from white society. He rarely says the name Othello, and if he does he mentions it with venom and anger towards him. Finally in the last scenes the real Iago is revealed. Through dramatic irony in Emilia’s dialogue, Shakespeare shows how the other characters innocence in regard to the man who has convinced Othello to believe such horrible tales, â€Å"I will be hang’d if some eternal villain/Some busy and insinuating rogue/Some cogging, cozening slave to get some office/Have not devis’d this slander. I’ll be hang’d else†. It appears that â€Å"honest Iago† no longer exists but instead has been transformed into a â€Å"villainous knave†. As the situation worsens and the culprit is identified the insults develop into â€Å"demi-devil†, â€Å"damned slave†, â€Å"Spartan dog† and â€Å"notorious villain†. All these terms are juxtaposed to the constant positive emotive terms that have been used to describe Iago throughout the rest of the play. Throughout Shakespeare’s tragedy Othello, we see the cunning and manipulative character that is Iago. Each scene, through Shakespeare’s use of theatrical, language and dramatic techniques, as more of Iago’s cunning plan s revealed, more evil within Iago is exposed and left goodness or virtue within him. Even in Iago’s final lines he offers no remorse but only self-satisfaction for the deed he has caused. How to cite Character of Iago, Papers

Gun Control Comparison Essay Example For Students

Gun Control Comparison Essay The Right to Bear Arms. Everyone has heard this statement before. It is the second amendment of the constitution that states that we the people of The United States of America have the right to own a firearm. Recently, our government has been taking the necessary steps to abolish this amendment. Owning a gun is a right, not a privilege. We as citizens have to protect the second amendment so we can protect ourselves if necessary. No one is capable of taking away all arms. Every gun in the country cannot be tracked down. The amount of money it would take to go door to door collecting firearms could be spent on lowering all types of crime. There are numerous people who would not give up their guns. What would happen to these people; be imprisoned because they want to be free? It is possible that this could result in another civil war. There are a number of people who live on the streets who carry a pistol in their pocket. How will these gun owners be found if they dont even have a home?Has anyone ever thought of how the people would defend themselves if our country was invaded in a war? If a war is fought here, the only protection we can count on is our military. They cant defend this country forever. In the American Revolution, the colonists had to defend themselves from the British. What would America do if her beloved military failed? Citizens would be forced to defend their lives and homes. They would need arms in order to be successful. We couldnt possibly fight against a great force without war implements. In conclusion, it is the right of every United States citizen to own a firearm. It is not under the power of The United States Government to abolish this right without the consent of the people. The second amendment was written so it couldnt be changed. Are we about to let this be changed now? How would our Founding Fathers feel if they knew we were changing the constitution? Would this country be so free afterward?

Husky Injection Molding free essay sample

What is Husky’s strategy? Using the value-based strategy terminology, articulate the basic logic of Husky’s position. Using an activity map or value chain, show whether (and if yes, how) the choices Husky made in different activities reinforce each other and that logic. Husky’s strategy is differentiation. They build the best injection molding machines(medium-tonnage) and also they give customers a fully integrated system of mold, machine, and product-handling equipment, as well as specialized expertise. Advantage of the company is their additional support that remained unmatched by their competitors. This differentiation includes: †¢Product/service attributes, †¢Relations between a firm and its customers, †¢Relations between the activities which Husky offer to its customer, †¢Links within and between firms. Value chain analysis; According to ‘creating competitive advantage’ article we have to analyse Husky containing the subjects which is shown in Figure 1. Figure 1 †¢INBOUND LOGISTICS; Machines: The bulk of Husky’s sales were in the medium tonnage class for the injection molding machine. We will write a custom essay sample on Husky Injection Molding or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page It was most dedicated to the PET preform and thinwall applications. The company held shares in the rest of the medium and large tonnage markets, where it made customized machines for particularly demanding applications. Molds: Husky made molds only for PET preforms, thinwall and other containers and closures such as bottle tops. Husky had formed alliances with a set of mold makers to provide customers with integrated systems. Hot Runners: It is a highly engineered system of manifolds and nozzles designed to channel hot resin into the cavities of the mold. They not only produced hot runners but also sold hot runners to other mold makers. Robotics: Husky produced robots which removed plastic parts from molds, sorted them, packaged them and stacked them. The company made robots both for Husky machines and for machines made by others, thought its robots were most easily and thoroughly integrated with its own machines. Prices ranged from $60000 to $250000 per robotic system. †¢OPERATIONS; Similar to other makers of large, sophisticated machines, Husky operates in a job-shop setting, assembling customized machines from modules. In contrast, smaller machines are often produced on assembly lines. Husky’s choice of production mode is obviously related to the customization. it offers its buyers. Its automated mold production is very different from how mold makers operate. The case also notes that machines are made using expensive specialized equipment. As a result, Husky produces only 200-300 per year. Husky took a modular approach to system design and construction. With the help of sales people, customers selected from building blocks: injection units, clamps, controls, bases, robots. Husky then assembled the systems to order. The company tracked the production methods and products of its rivals closely but had not analyzed their costs in detail. Husky’s managers believed that the company incurred higher unit costs than competitors in many product lines, but in some, their investments made them more efficient. †¢OUTBOUND LOGISTICS; Husky begun to build Technical Centers in key locations to provide local technical support and training. Centers were open in Atlanta, Los Angeles, Luxembourg, and Japan, and additional centers were slated for other locations. Husky had deployed a system to ship spare parts to any location quickly. A distribution center in Buffalo, New York, stocked 22000 different items, including components for machines built in the early 1960s. †¢MARKETING SALES; Husky deployed 300 people in 24 regional offices in 17 countries to find and serve customers in more than 70 countries. Husky sold exclusively via its internal sales force and gave general managers in each region for both the local sales force and the local service technicians. Husky was known for charging a premium for its products. The Husky thinwall system described above might be priced at $400000 versus $350000 for a competing system. Husky charged roughly $1.2 million for the preform system while rivals might ask for $1. 0 million. †¢SERVICE; They took sales and service activities together. Husky deployed 300 people in 24 regional offices in 17 countries to find and serve customers in more than 70 countries. Husky begun to build Technical Centers in key locations to provide local technical support and training. Centers were open in Atlanta, Los Angeles, Luxembourg, and Japan, and additional centers were slated for other locations. Husky promoted itself as a supplier of complete factory solutions for the plastics industry rather than a simple vendor of equipment. The company began in the 1990s to plan injection molding facilities for its customers, train customers, integrate production systems, and produce turnkey factories. †¢PROCUREMENT; Husky might audit and certify a mold maker’s operations, recommend a mold maker to a company buying a machine, or buy and resell the molds of a particular mold maker. A mold maker might in turn buy a Husky machine to operate in its test room and might purchase hot runners from Husky. Husky â€Å"relied almost entirely on components purchased from outside vendors†, whereas most other machine makers â€Å"produced many of their components in-house†. This seems slightly at odds with the rationale given above for producing a broad line of products; one might think that Husky’s high-performance systems also requires specialized components that need to be produced in-house. But apparently those components are pretty standard products (and hence better outsourced), what Husky focuses on instead is design and assembly. †¢TECHNOLOGY DEVELOPMENT; Husky managers prided themselves on their willingness to take on the toughest technical challenges and their ability to bring new technologies to the market rapidly. Schad had invested $25 million in the early 1990s to build Husky’s Advanced Manufacturing Center. It was given a mandate to create the injection molding factory of the future. New molding systems were operated in a controlled 24 hour production environment. †¢HUMAN RESOURCE MANAGEMENT; Deeply imprinted on the firm were Schad’s personal values. His concern for the environment, devotion to personal health(heavily-used fitness and wellness center employed a nauropathic doctor, chiropractor and a massage therapist. Cafeterias promoted vegetarian meals and offered no junk food. Smoking was banned. Child care center featured airy play spaces, heated hardwood floors, the latest learning technology, high staff-to-child ratio and extended hours. ), dedication to hard work(the long hours of the child care center not only showed concern for its people but also its expectation is that they work hard. ), egalitarianism(An employee council, in operation for more than 25 years met regularly with Schad to air concerns openly. Everyone called each other by first name, no parking spaces reserved, all cafeterias and washrooms shared and casual dressed was required. Schad noted that everyone call him Robert, his frist name, and if they didn’t it would be a $5 fine and the proceeds were donated to charity. ), and perfectionism. †¢FIRM INFRASTRUCTURE; Husky was a privately held company, Robert Schad and his family held 65% of the company’s stock. Key employees designated by the senior management team, were permitted to buy non-voting shares, and collectively, they owned 25% of the company. To be identified as a key employee, an individual had to demonstrate strong leadership potential and possess knowledge that could not readily replaced. Komatsu, the Japanese equipment maker, held the remaining 10% of the company, obtained when Husky was in need of capital in 1990. 2)Are Husky injection molding systems worth the price premium? (Hint: Try to calculate a customer’s WTP for Husky’s product. To do so, consider a customer who wants to make as many plastic products as a Husky system can make in a year. At what price point would this customer be indifferent between Husky and a competitor? That’s the WTP for the Husky system.

The eNotes Blog Sincerely, Will Has a Seventh Shakespeare Signature BeenFound

Sincerely, Will Has a Seventh Shakespeare Signature BeenFound This week, the Folger Shakespeare Library announced that it may have located an authentic signature by William Shakespeare in their collection.   You might wonder how such a thing might have gone overlooked for so long.until you know that the Folger houses some 256,000 volumes of Renaissance works. There are millions of pages in these thousands of books, and in one of them is the faint but legible signature of Wm Shakespeare. If the signature is proven genuine, it will be priceless. Only six verified signatures are known to exist. This, therefore, would be the seventh. The Folgers excitement at the find might best be described as cautiously optimistic. There have been many signatures in the past that have been declared frauds.   Fortunately, technological advances are making determining the authenticity of the signature easier. A group known as the Lazarus Project is using an advanced technique called multispectral imaging. The researchers take very high-resolution photographs of old text, art or objects using twelve different wavelengths of light, ranging from ultraviolet to infrared, beyond the boundaries of the human eye. Next, they use software to combine these images into the clearest possible picture of the text. Multispectral imaging can reconstruct writing that has suffered all kinds of damage, from erasure to water damage. Shakespeare scholars are eagerly awaiting word from the Lazarus Project, particularly due to the type of book in which the signature appears. Archaionomia is a collection of Elizabethan laws. If this volume did indeed belong to the playwright, it may mean that he knew more about law than was previously understood and this knowledge may have informed many of his plays. One of the interesting questions for Shakespeare scholars is what Shakespeare read, says George Heyworth, a professor of English at the University of Mississippi.   If we know what he read, then we know what he was thinking when he wrote his plays.

This Whole System is wrong Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

This Whole System is wrong - Case Study Example Any employers or organizations that violate those measures are at risk of being punished severely through the imposing of sanctions and other punitive measures. These sanctions may lead to the boycott of our products and consequently a decline in profitability. Apart from the threat posed by sanctions, you are aware that our company has built a good name for itself because of its quality products and good public relations. The issue of poor working conditions in our factories in China might just mess up our reputation and put us at loggerheads with governments and customers. I believe that this is a price that would be too high for the company to pay, considering we can institute reforms in those factories and make it better for workers there. At the same time, I would like to ask for a second look at the ages of some of the workers in those factories. Child labor is illegal, and the employment of underage workers may be detrimental to our hopes for growth and long-term plans. I trust in your ability to make the right call because you have proven yourself as an able, visionary and pragmatic leader. Let us try to balance our ambitions with our methods, because sometimes the end does not usually justify the

Stragetic Management Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

Stragetic Management - Case Study Example In the long run, they have to convert the brand switchers into their own brand loyal. To meet this objective and to retain the loyal customers, relationship marketing is believed to be of immense help to firms. The effective use of CRM will ensure customer loyalty and convert them into lifelong consumers of the product. CRM is one among the many steps of customerization. The focus of CRM is to establish relationship with customers on an individual and personalized basis and then to treat different customers differently based on their expectations. CRM is the key to success in the present era and it has become the order of the day that customers are given personalized attention and only those organizations can succeed who have been able to build a base of their loyal customers. As per estimate, the cost of affecting a new customer is five times more in comparison to making an existing customer happy. In the present report, an attempt is made to prepare a CRM plan and discuss how effec tively it can be used to attain more customer base and support. Parcel Force Industry, a U K based parcel company is the firm discussed in the report. Parcelforce Worldwide is a leading provider of guaranteed express deliveries. The company has been serving it loyal customers for over 14 years, which provides a vital link for British businesses needing to send express shipments internationally and in the UK. Parcelforce Worldwide is the trade name of the Royal Mail Group. The company is being driven by its commitment and dedication to serve the customers by delivering the high quality services for over 30,000 customers across the country. Over the years there have been many changes in the company's environment- internally, externally and internationally. Many competitors have come up by posing threats and thereby prompting the company to deliver high quality services to the customers. Over the last few years parcel industry in the U K has been transformed into a stage where the customers have many choices to get their goods/ materials reached the desired points. This competitive situation made the company to rethink about its appr oach of marketing and attitude towards consumers. Now the company is striving to attain more loyal customers by delivering high quality services at fair and reasonable price.Executive Summary Because of the development in the parcel industry in the UK and mushrooming of many new players, the business of existing players including Parcelforce worldwide has been affected drastically. Moreover, the switch over of firms from conventional product oriented approach of marketing to customer oriented approach has compounded the situation worse than ever before. Companies have realized that those with less attention to customers are likely to lose customers and eventually lose business. This tendency among the major players tempted them to adopt a new approach of marketing. They have been, rightly mentioned, forced to change over to more customer-centric marketing strategies. In this context, the present report examines how Parcelforce Worldwide can introduce Customer Relationship Management as its new marketing strategy. The report further addresses various key issues that the firm should take care of in the implementation of CRM as a

Traditional Budgeting and Budgetary Controls Weaknesses

Traditional Budgeting and Budgetary Controls Weaknesses This answer briefs the practice of budgets in two entirely different businesses; one in a very stable and static market place and the other in a very dynamic, rapidly changing, innovative environment. Budgeting and budgetary control is commonly used in a traditional manner by most business entities in the world in spite of its manifold limitations. In a fast changing business environment, traditional budgeting need not be the only budgeting approach to be exercised in a company. There are quite a few alternatives like Zero-Based Budgeting, Beyond budgeting, Activity-Based Budgeting, etc. which are much beneficial and rewarding for a business entity. Budget A budget is a plan, expressed in financial and/or more generally quantitative terms, which extends forward for a period into the future (Gowthorpe, 2003) . A traditional budget is usually prepared by reviewing past years budget and actual expenses, with addition or deduction towards extra business activities or reduced business activities planned and also by effecting changes towards changing factors, such as growth, inflation etc It is basically to tie managers to predetermined actions in order to achieve the planned budget. It is usually based on organizational hierarchy and centralized leadership . Benefits of traditional budgeting and budgetary controls are :- Income of budget period can be matched against budget period expenses to know whether operations will result in profit and how much profit. Actual performance can be compared with budget to know variances so that corrective actions can be taken. Budget based reports facilitates assessment of costs of goods and services provided and accomplishments of the business entity. Problems associated with traditional budgeting and budgetary controls are :- It is futile to predict what will happen in the next 12 months Serven (cited in Banham, 2000) argued, The customary system of trying to accurately predict what will happen in 12 months and budgeting accordingly is an exercise in futility. Most budgetary processes are costly and inefficient. It takes a long time to complete and by the time it is completed, it becomes no longer applicable as business environment has changed. According to Stewart (2004), there are ten reasons why budget cause problem, as shown below. Though traditional budgeting have many weaknesses, but most companies still rely on it because of its unchallenged position in the top division of accepted management practices (Hope Fraser, 1999). Therefore many companies now seek to find alternatives of traditional budgeting, even some attempt to abandon it. However, it is widely delieved by analysts that as many as half the companies that attempt the overhaul become so exhausted they give up and go back to traditional approach (Banham, 2000). Traditional Budgeting in Dynamic Business In a business that operates in a very dynamic, rapidly changing, and innovative environment, traditional budgeting is inappropriate to exercise. Budget is a barrier for the business because the vibrant market demands flexibility, fast response, innovation, process improvement, customer focus, and shareholder value (Daum, 2001). And it is the limitation of the traditional budgeting not to be able to fulfil these demands. The dynamic driven business should keep up with the change and adaptive to recent development to achieve success. Hence Beyond Budgeting approach introduced. Daum (2001) argued that, The Beyond Budgeting Model is designed to overcome traditional barriers and to create a flexible, adaptable organization that gives your local managers the self-confidence and freedom to think differently, make decisions rapidly, and collaborate on innovative projects with colleagues in multifunctional teams both within your company and across its borders. Exercising beyond budgeting may have become the turnaround for many companies of their budgeting problems. Beyond budgeting is about a performance management system, made up of a series of interdependent and interlocking process (Verlag, 2005). The objective is to create an adaptive system to the real world that ideally develops the business plan from the environment, i.e. growth of markets, performance of competitors, etc. Then, instead of trying to meet a negotiated number in the budget, business should try to beat this performance standard (Verlag, 2005). Thus it would not make managers feel undervalued. The process of beyond budgeting is portrayed in 12 principles of Beyond Budgeting (BBRT, 2005). The first six process principles is concerning performance management systems that allows employees to response faster to customer needs and competitive environment. The second six leadership principles provide a decentralization framework of responsibility to employees to facilitate them adapting quickly to potential events and improves their relative performance. Beyond budgeting can be exercised successfully by applying these principles and the business can be adaptive to the rapidly changing environment. 12 principles of Beyond Budgeting Beyond Budgeting Process Principles Targets Set aspirational goals based on continuous relative improvement not fixed targets Rewards Base rewards on relative performance with hindsight not on meeting fixed targets Planning Make planning an inclusive and continuous process not an annual event Resources Make resources available on demand not through annual budget allocations Coordination Coordinate cross company actions dynamically not though annual plans and budgets Controls Base controls on KPIs, trends and relative indicators not variances against plan Beyond Budgeting Leadership Principles Governance Base governance on clear values and boundaries not on detailed rules and budgets Performance Build a high performance culture based on relative success not on meeting targets Freedom to act Devolve decision making authority to frontline teams dont micro-manage them Accountability Create a network of small units accountable for results not centralized hierarchies Customer focus Focus everyone on improving customer outcomes not on meeting internal targets Information Promote open and shared information dont restrict it to those who need to know The benefits of beyond budgeting is it will examine targets, strategies, action plans, forecasts and management reports. Comparisons might also be made against competitors and past-year performance. It will concentrate on the key drivers of business performance. The purpose is to be alert and take advantage of new opportunities and respond to potential threats by using an advanced information system to make decisions early. Speed of action and good decisions are the result of beyond budgeting. (Hope Fraser, 1999) The major change required by beyond budgeting will raise some resistance to change (Verlag, 2005). Organisations will differ in scale, culture and business context. It would be challenging to demonstrate to key stakeholders that control can still be achieved without a budget (Max, 2005). Beyond budgeting may raise issues such as doubt of loosening control, giving front-line people decision-making authority, and trusting people to act in the best interest of the business that is not easy change to contemplate (Hope Fraser, 1999). However if these issues can be handled, the business may gain success in long term. For example, the companies that have successfully practised beyond budgeting and abandoned the traditional budgeting system are Volvo (one of Europes most profitable car manufacturers), IKEA (the worlds largest furniture manufacturer and retailer), etc. (Hope Fraser, 1999). Many organizations that have gone beyond budgeting found that their performance has improved once the budgeting process was abandoned in favour of more relative and adaptive means of planning, evaluating performance and control (Stewart, 2004). Activity-Based Budgeting (ABB). Although beyond budgeting is the most updated method, but not all companies can adapt to it. Thus the other alternative for the dynamic driven business is Activity-Based Budgeting (ABB). It aims to generate a budget from activities and resources of the company . A financial budget is prepared after preparation of an operationally feasible budget. Advantages of ABB approach. It facilitates better product, process, or activity costing and decision making, and better resource allocation to support organizational priorities. It identifies capacity issues and makes adjustment earlier in the budgeting process than under traditional budgeting which does not track resource consumption patterns. It enriches managers ability to respond to contingencies and also improves performance measurement, evaluation, and decision making (Hansen, Otley, et all., 2003). Thus, ABB can be a proper alternative for the dynamic company since it will provide more accurate analysis to quickly forecast the next budget compared to the traditional budgeting. However, ABB is not without problems. According to Barret (2003), ABB can be difficult to understand about the rules relating outputs to resources and costs. Consequently business managers tend to be doubtful of the approach. Although ABB directly relates increase in the volume of an output with increases in certain activities, it does not help in linking activities with resources. Thus any application of one of these alternatives, whether it is beyond budgeting or ABB, must be considered thoroughly subject to the business current condition. Traditional Budgeting in Static Business In a business that operates in a very stable and static market place, where there is slight change in either products or demand every year, traditional budgeting still can be appropriate (Daum, 2001). Static business would not need to take a risk to change their invariable budgetary plan as it would cost higher and consume more time than usual. However if this condition continuously persisted, the business will never develop more than its current position. It could lead to boredom for the employees who seek for challenge. As it is argued by Hope Fraser (1999), Budgets are well known for reinforcing the command and control culture, constraining freedom and autonomy, and stifling the very challenges that excite prospective managers. As an alternative to the static business, Zero-Based Budgeting (ZBB) is introduced. ZBB refers to proposals by Pyhrr (1973); Cheek (1977) et al. to modify the traditional budgeting process in organizations in which budgeting is an incremental process in relation to the prior years actual expenditures. The proposed ZBB process requires each manager to justify the budget request approximating the organizational functions were starting from ground zero. It entails clarifying the goals of an organizational unit as well as identifying the functions and projects it proposes to perform in order to achieve its goals. These activities are then ranked in order of importance (Flamholtz, 1983). Basically it is a systematic logical approach to allocate limited resources where they will be best used. Benefits of ZBB are cost saving, improving services, increase self-discipline in developing budget, reduce the entitlement mentality with respect to cost increases and make budget discussions more meaningful during review sessions (LaFaive, 2003). On the contrary ZBB also can cause problems for example, may increase the time and expense of preparing budget, may be too radical a solution for the task at hand, and can make matters worse if not conducted accordingly. Moreover a substantial commitment must be made by all sectors involved to ensure that the change is followed through (LaFaive, 2003). ZBB is recommended for the static businesses in order to improve performance. It can be useful for shaking up a process that may have grown stale and counterproductive over time (LaFaive, 2003). Variance analysis is still the most common tools to calculate the mismatch between the planned budget and the actual performance. Based on the survey by Sulaiman, Ahmad Alwi (2005), the common practice among local Japanese (about 71%) and local Malaysian companies (about 64%) is to investigate variances only when the variance exceeds a certain percentage. This is a typical characteristic of traditional budgeting. However it is inadequate to be used in today modern business. Thus Ramsey (1999) introduced diagnostic variance analysis, where budget variances are analysed in terms of the activity-based components that make up the variance, and evaluated in light of overall business performance. As a result of this analysis, the underlying cause of the variance is revealed, providing the necessary business insight to support strategic decisions. In conclusion, traditional approach cannot be abandoned completely. Budgeting is still very important in the company and need serious attention in the organization in spite of its complication (France, 2006). Zero-Based Budgeting and Activity-Based Budgeting are only improvement of traditional approach. In a dynamic driven business that evolve in rapidly changing environment like today modern business ambience, beyond budgeting can be the suitable alternative with proper handling in the organization. As for the static business, ZZB can assist the breakthrough in the organization so that the business will develop more and achieve success in the future.

Modernism: A Critical Analysis

T. S. Eliot did not invent modernism in literature, but his poem The Waste Land (1922) expresses more distinctly than anyone else what the modernist endeavor really was. More than a poem, it was an occasion, a cry that defined a moment in time, and which it is not possible to repeat. Eliot himself declared that he had moved on from the style of The Waste Land immediately after. Shortly after its publication he expressed in a private correspondence, â€Å"As for The Waste Land, that is a thing of the past so far as I am concerned and I am now feeling toward a new form and style† (qtd. in Chinitz 69).The Hollow Men (1926) is nothing as fragmentary, chaotic and nihilistic as is the 1922 poem. In The Waste Land we seem he hear an unalloyed expression of despair; the despair that purposeful art in no more possible in â€Å"the immense panorama of futility and anarchy which is contemporary history† (qtd. in Sigg 182). Yet the poem is not a complete negation of art. It manages a sort of coherence towards the end, in which we may read a suggestion that art may still be possible amidst desolate meaninglessness of the modern age.The First World War is the event that finally shattered the cozy certainties of the Victorian age. At a more protean level, it annulled the optimism of the humanist endeavor which gave rise to the Renaissance, the Enlightenment and the scientific world view. It is significant that the major part of this endeavor was carried out in art and literature. In the aftermath to the Great War came disillusionment, because it was widely perceived that progress did not bring peace but war – the most brutal and mindless sort. It was not just corpses and rubble that littered Europe, but the Western psyche too was littered with rubble.The Waste Land is essentially a collection of fragments from the tradition of literature. The ultimate statement made by Eliot is that there is no more meaning in which the artist can take his tradition and f urther it. Yet he cannot abandon the past either, for his identity is still contained within those fragments. â€Å"These fragments I have shored against my ruins,† says the Fisher King, who is not able to redeem the wasteland that stretches before him (Eliot 69). This expresses the core sentiment of the poem, which is in the end a mere collection of literary fragments. It is a demonstration of what the function of the artist has become, for the message of Eliot is that the artist is indeed reduced to gathering debris from his cultural past.Eliot’s poem is not meant to be imitated. Its function is to locate the spirit of the age and give it voice. So successful was it in this latter role that many of its literary features began to be adopted, especially so in the novel form, towards the creation of the modernist novel. The most common feature of this fiction is the dysfunctional and alienated protagonist in an urban setting who struggles against encroaching meaningless ness. Of this fiction Federman says, â€Å"The creatures of the new fiction will be as changeable, as illusory, as nameless, as unnamable, as fraudulent, as unpredictable as the discourse that makes them† (12).To render such a narrative effective novelists were soon employing a device known as â€Å"stream of consciousness†. It sacrifices coherence for an effect which seems to suggest that we are privy to the unexpurgated thoughts and impressions of the protagonist. Ulysses by James Joyce is composed entirely I this mode, and another novelist who use this method effectively is Virginia Woolf. Most often it is used for effect in novels which retain some meaningfulness, therefore are not entirely nihilistic. In such novels we identify the contining search for possibilities in art which Eliot had instigated.The novels of Franz Kafka use the conventional narrative voice, yet depict a world that is fragmented and devoid of meaning. The protagonist in The Trial wakes up one morning to discover that he is under arrest, subject to trial, but free to move about in the meantime. There is no immediate explanation of his wrong-doing, and none is forthcoming as the trial grinds on. Not only self-preservation, the protagonist is also seeking for meaning. But the only meaning that emerges is that ‘the system’ has decided that he is â€Å"the accused†, which has set into motion a process whose eventual and inevitable outcome is a brutal execution.Everybody seems to be helpless before the system, both friend and foe. They cannot effect its course, and neither can they extract meaning from it. The state embodies logic, of which Kafka says, â€Å"Logic is doubtless unshakable, but it cannot withstand a man who wants to go on living† (Kafka 263). Instead of war, Kafka’s focus is on the bureaucratization of the modern state, but evokes the same sense of despair and the helplessness of the individual before greater and inexplicable fo rces, the unmistakable stamp of modernism.The Old Man and the Sea by Ernest Hemingway is also considered a modernist novel. Though more famed for his hard-edged realism, in this last effort before his death Hemingway has created a powerful parable of futility. Santiago is a Cuban fisherman who has met bad luck, having not caught a fish for 84 days. On the 85th day he becomes reckless and ventures further into the sea than anyone else before. He hooks a marlin of such tremendous size that it hauls Santiago and his boat around sea for and entire day.The old fisherman is soon locked in an epic battle of strength, guile and wits with the marlin, and expends every last bit of himself for over three days of struggle. Bloodied and drained, he has his catch in the end, which he begins to drag shoreward. But sharks then fall upon the marlin, and the old man cannot battle them off with his harpoon. Though futile, Hemingway suggests that the old man’s struggle has transcendental value.H e makes frequent comparisons between the old man and Christ, and describes the old man in awe of the nobility of the marlin, even while locked in a life and death battle with it. He is described as musing, â€Å"But it is good that we do not have to try to kill the sun or the moon or the stars. It is enough to live on the sea and kill our true brothers† (Hemingway 75). In its tenor of unremitting futility the novel is modernist. The meaning discovered in the end is transcendental and religious, in which â€Å"the spirit of the individual† is pitched against â€Å"his biological limitations† (Walcutt 275). This is significant when we recall that Eliot too discovered religion later in life.In conclusion, in his poem The Waste Land Eliot expressed a feeling that conventional motivation of the artist was no longer relevant in the modern age, because the aspirations of the previous age, that which had motivated writers and artists in the Victorian era, had been rende red null and void. But at the same time it initiated a new quest in literature, which became a movement known as modernism, and especially employed by novelists. In their novels, which mostly emphasized the meaninglessness of modern existence, the modernist novelist nevertheless tends to dicover transcendental or religious meaning.Works CitedChinitz, David. T.S. Eliot and the Cultural Divide. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 2003.Eliot, Thomas Stearns. The Waste Land and Other Poems. New York: Penguin Classics, 1998.Federman, Raymond. Surfiction: Fiction Now and Tomorrow. Athens OH: Swallow Press, 1975.Hemingway, Ernest. The Old Man and the Sea. New York: Simon & Schuster, 1995.Kafka, Franz. The Trial. Trans. Willa Muir, Edwin Muir. New York: Schocken Books, 1995.Sigg, Eric Whitman. The American T. S. Eliot: A Study of the Early Writings. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press, 1989.Walcutt, Charles Child. American Literary Naturalism, A Divided Stream. Minneapolis: Universi ty of Minnesota Press, 1974.

Effect of concentration on Nacl solution Essay

In this assignment we will be focusing on one property, which influences the electrical conductance of an ionic solution. Compounds can be held by a covalent or ionic bond, which depends on the nature of the bonds. In case of ionic compounds (we also call them electrolytes), the force of attraction is present between the ions, which have opposite charge. One of the ions has a positive charge, which is called a cation, and the other has a negative charge, which is called an anion. This attraction is called an ionic bond. Ionic compounds1 form crystals in which anions and cations are held together with force of attraction. Ionic compounds are also known as salts mostly. They are usually hard and brittle. They are solid at room temperature and they have high melting and boiling points. They conduct electricity in solution because they dissociate into ions when dissolved in water, which are free to move. These ions carry the electrical charge from the anode to the cathode. Properties of salt solutions, which influence their electric conductance:2 The temperature of the solution. The magnitude of the charge on the ions. The concentration of the ions in the solution. The liquid used to dissolve the ionic substances in. The size of the ions. I would like to investigate that how the concentration of the ions in the solution affects the electric conductance of the solution. Aim Our aim is to figure out the answer of the research question through this experiment Research question What is the relationship between the conductivity of the ionic solution and concentration of the ionic compound (electrolyte)? Hypothesis When an ionic compound dissolves in water, the ions usually break apart and diffuse throughout the whole solution. Ions conduct electricity because they are mobile and carry charge with them. In this case, the ionic compound (NaCl) will be dissolved in water, this causes the ions (Na+ and Cl-) to diffuse in the solution and resulting in them conducting electricity. It happens because the sodium holds one excess electron and Chlorine is in need of one electron, resulting in sodium giving one electron to Chlorine when they get separated. As a result of this, the Chlorine becomes electrically negative and the Sodium becomes positive. This is the chemical reaction which occurs- NaCl(s) ? à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½ ? Na+(aq) + Cl-(aq) When we put electrodes in the solution, the positive ions (Na) will migrate to negative electrode and negative ions (Cl) towards the positive electrode that’s how electric current will flow. The conductivity of a solution depends on the concentration of the solution. In water, it is the ions that pass electricity from one to the next. This means that the more Na+ and Cl- contained in water the more electricity is carried, and the higher the conductivity. If the solution of water and NaCl is more concentrated (NaCl in large amount), its electric conductance will be more than if the solution is less concentrated (NaCl in a smaller amount). Therefore in my opinion, the greater the concentration of the ions, the more the conductivity of the solution will be. Variables: Controlled variables: temperature, voltage applied (in this case 10 volts), the electrolyte (Nacl) used with water to make a solution. Independent variables: The concentration of NaCl solution and volume of water. Dependant variables: Electric conductance measured by an ammeter. Plan for experiment In this experiment we will be using NaCl solution as the ionic compound (electrolyte). We will be placing the electrolyte in water as to create a concentrated solution. Different amounts of NaCl and water shall be mixed to prepare the solutions, which have different concentrations so we can compare the electric conductance in different cases. This giving us an idea of how the electric conductance of the solution would change when the concentration of the solution is increased or decreased. So then from the experiment we can draw a conclusion on how the concentration of a solution affects the conductivity of an ionic solution. Two electrodes are placed and a potential is applied across the electrodes. Then electric current is measured, which passes through the solution. The electric conductance facilitates by the charge on ions. So we can say that the conductivity of the solution is directly proportional to the concentration of its ions. Materials: Goggles Electrodes made of copper Lab coat ( 2 sizes available small and large) 5 beakers Tissue paper Demineralized water – 425 ml in a washbottle as to make it easier to be more accurate while pouring water in the beakers NaCl – 75 ml Ammeter Voltage Power supply Stirring Spoon Measuring Cylinder Experimental set-up Diagram Steps of the experiment: Safety precautions 1. Wear lab coat to prevent clothes from any damage, which can be caused. 2. Wear goggles for safety measures. Checking materials 1. Make sure all the materials are present. 2. Take out 4 glass beakers and set them out on the table. Solutions preparation The solution chosen is NaCl. In the five different beakers, there will be different amounts of water and different amount of concentrations of NaCl will be added. The amount of water will decrease with the increase of concentration as to keep the same volume of the solution, which is 100 ml in total for all 5 cases. These 5 solutions are prepared in 5 different beakers. We use a measuring cylinder to measure the amount of water and measuring beaker for NaCl solution. 1. 1st solution -Take 95ml water in a beaker and then add 5ml of NaCl solution. 2. 2nd solution – Take 90 ml water and then add 10ml of NaCl Solution. 3. 3rd solution – Take 85 ml of water and then add 15 ml of NaCl Solution. 4. 4th solution – Take 80ml water and then add 20 ml of NaCl solution. 5. 5th solution – Take 75 ml of water and then add 25 ml of NaCl solution. Measuring the conductivity / amount of electricity created 1.To measure the electric conductance, we need to first create a circuit by using a pair of copper electrodes. The electrodes are supposed to be placed on an electrode holder, and tightened with clamps. 2. Connect the electrodes with a wire to the ammeter and also with the power supply. 3. Immerse the electrodes in the beaker. Note: Keep the electrodes as far apart as possible (2 – 3 inches), don’t let them touch or the power module will be damaged.3 4. Now turn on the voltage power supply and make sure to put the current limitation to maximum so that there is no interference at all with the result. Note: Do not touch the electrodes after the power supply is turned on. 5. To control the amount of voltage turn the button to 10 volts, it doesn’t matter how many volts are applied as long as the value is kept the consistent throughout the whole experiment. 6. Monitor the conductivity of the solution for 4-5 seconds on the ammeter until it become stable. Making observations: 1. Record the conductivity value in your data table. 2.Make sure to clean the electrodes after taking measurement. 3. Then place the electrodes into 2nd, 3rd and 4th and 5th solutions respectively and record the conductivity in the table for each case. Cleanup: 1. Empty all the beakers in the sink then wash and dry them. 2.Remove ammeter from the electrodes. 3.Dry up the electrodes with tissue. 4.Place all materials back into the cupboards. Data and Observations Amount of NaCl (in ml) Conductance (in amperes) Amount of water (in ml) The graph shows the relationship between the amount of Nacl and the conductance. Conclusion The line represents the conductance. Results: I’ve presented all my data in form of a graph, it will show the co-relation between the conductivity4 and concentration 5of salt solution. On the horizontal axis I have placed the Nacl concentration and on the vertical axis the conductivity of the solution. We can then draw a conclusion after looking at it. After doing the experiment, I can conclude that if an electrolyte is dissolved in water, it completely dissociates into ions and the electrolyte would contribute to conduction of electricity to the solution. In this experiment, NaCl dissociates into Na+ and Cl- ions, which made it possible for water to conduct electricity. The conductivity of the solution depends on the concentration of the electrolyte and behaves differently for different concentration of the electrolyte. As we can see by the graph, if we start increasing the concentration of the electrolyte (NaCl), the electric conduction will be increasing accordingly. So we can get to the conclusion that the conductivity of the solution is directly proportional to the concentration of the electrolyte solution. Evaluation: In overall I find that this experiment went very well. My hypothesis turned out to be as I had assumed it would, as the conductance did increase with the increase of concentration. Although there was mistake we did at first, which was creating the wrong circuit by connection the wrong wires which caused the conductance on the ammeter to be show in negative. However we soon figured out our mistake and then re did the circuit after which we got successful results. My results are reliable up to an extent as we tried to make our experiment as accurate as possible. We made sure that no extra solution was left on the electrode holder whiles taking measurements by cleaning them so that the conductance wouldn’t be affected. Also we applied the same amount of energy to each solution so that it wouldn’t contribute to the conductance. During measuring the amount of water we took a considerably accurate account and tried to make sure that there wasn’t a big difference. However there were a few things we could have done better to get even more reliable results. We could have taken an average of the readings of the solutions whose conductance kept changing and wouldn’t become stable. Also a larger gap could have been taken between the amount of concentrations such that to assist in making conclusions in a much easier way. We tried to consume as less time as possible and were able to finish our experiment in sufficient time. In my view we were also extremely organized in the experiment as we knew exactly what we had to do , and any small mistakes which we made we were able to solve them. Fair testing: There should be reasonable difference in the concentrations of the NaCl solutions used for the experiment to get more reliable result. Keep electrodes for sometime in each solution, and as soon as the reading is stable, note it down on your table. Stir the solutions properly before putting electrodes into it to make sure that NaCl has mixed properly with water in each case. Clean and dry electrodes before putting them into different solutions. The amount of the voltage applied should be the same in each case. Follow up Experiment: We are investigating on the various factors that influence the conductance of an ionic solution. In this experiment we concentrated on how the concentration of a solution affected the conductance. So the follow up experiment should be focusing on another influential factor, which in my view should be how temperature influences the conduction of an ionic solution. I also find this a really interesting topic to continue investigation on. This experiment will give us an even better understanding of conductance and electrolytes. References 1. â€Å"All about ionic compounds.† Web. 13 Dec. 2009. . 2. â€Å"Concentration -.† Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. Web. 13 Dec. 2009. . 3. â€Å"Conductivity of Electrolytic Solutions.† UCS Home. Web. 13 Dec. 2009. . 4. â€Å"Experiments in Electrochemistry.† Fun Science Gallery – Scientific Experiments for Amateur Scientists and Schools. Web. 13 Dec. 2009. . 5. â€Å"Factors Affecting Electrolytic Conductance † Web. 13 Dec. 2009. . 6. â€Å"The HiddenCures G-2 Water Ionizer User Instructions.† Google. Web. 13 Dec. 2009. . 7. â€Å"Ionic compound -.† Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. Web. 13 Dec. 2009. . 1 â€Å"Ionic compound -.† Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. Web. 13 Dec. 2009. . 2 â€Å"Factors Affecting Electrolytic Conductance † Web. 13 Dec. 2009. . 3 â€Å"The HiddenCures G-2 Water Ionizer User Instructions.† Google. Web. 13 Dec. 2009. . 4 â€Å"Conductivity of Electrolytic Solutions.† UCS Home. Web. 13 Dec. 2009. . 5 â€Å"Concentration -.† Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. Web. 13 Dec. 2009. .

Censorship and the Internet Essay - 1213 Words

With the bountiful amount of unrestricted information available on the internet many people believe that some of this information should be censored by the United States Government. Whos to say what should be accessible and what should not? Where does it start and stop? Does internet censorship make a nation a safer place to live? There are many countries that don’t allow the use of the internet at all and some countries only censor what they don’t want their citizens to know. Daniel Calingaert said â€Å"The internet has provided greater space for free expression in countries where traditional broadcast and print media are restricted† (64). Free expression is a very guarded privilege to United States citizens. Private citizens and†¦show more content†¦Should these practices be censored? There are so many educational websites that it would be impossible to name them all. One of the resources the writing center in the library at State College refers students to is the Purdue Owl, which is an internet source. Many of the quizzes used by professors come from internet sources. The online databases used for research in order to properly write an essay with scholarly citations, again an internet resource. In an article about technology and education Moez Limayem and Christy M. K. Cheung state â€Å"Internet-based technologies create expanded opportunities for educators to provide students with better learning experiences† (91). Today’s generation would be lost without the internet, it has been a tool used to educate most students since kindergarten. Today we also have distance learning not only in college, but also in high school. Would censorship of the internet affect this type of use of the internet in any way? 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